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DEFINITIONS
Information contained in this catalog is subject
to change; all weights and dimensions are approximate. Ratings
are stated in short tons (2,000lbs.) or pounds. All dimensions
are in inches; all weights are in pounds, unless stated otherwise.
Working Load Limit (WLL)
The Working Load Limit is the maximum load which
should ever be applied to the product, even when the product
is new and when the load is uniformly applied - straight line
pull only. Avoid side loading. All catalog ratings
are based upon usual environmental conditions and consideration
must be given to unusual conditions such as extreme high or
low temperatures, chemical solutions or vapors, prolonged
immersion in salt water, etc. Never exceed the Working
Load Limit.
Proof Test Load (Proof Load)
The term "Proof Test" designates a
quality control test applied to the product for the sole purpose
of detecting defects in material or manufacture. The Proof
Test Load (usually twice the Working Load Limit) is the load
which the product withstood without deformation when new and
under laboratory test conditions. A constantly increasing
force is applied in direct line to the product at a uniform
rate of speed on a standard pull testing machine. The Proof
Test Load does not mean the Working Load Limit should ever
be exceeded.
Breaking Strength/Ultimate Strength
Do not use breaking strength as a criterion
for service or design purposes. Refer to the Working Load
Limit instead. Breaking Strength is the average force at which
the product, in the condition it would leave the factory,
has been found by representative testing to break, when a
constantly increasing force is applied in direct line to the
product at a uniform rate of speed on a standard pull testing
machine. Proof testing to twice the Working Load Limit does
not apply to hand-spliced slings. Remember: Breaking
Strengths, when published, were obtained under controlled
laboratory conditions. Listing of the Breaking Strength does
not mean the Working Load Limit should ever be exceeded.
Design Factor (sometimes referred to as
safety factor)
An industry term usually computed by dividing
the catalog Breaking Strength by the catalog Working Load
Limit and generally expressed as a ratio. For example: 5 to
1.
Shock Load
A load resulting from rapid change of movement,
such as impacting, jerking or swinging of a static load. Sudden
release of tension is another form of shock loading. Shock
loads are generally significantly greater than static loads.
Any shock loading must be considered when selecting the item
for use in a system.
Avoid shock loads as they may exceed the
Working Load Limit.
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